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　　A few days ago, BYD officially released a set of official interior drawings of seal 06 DM-I. The new car will be positioned as a medium-sized car, and will be equipped with BYD DM-i plug-in hybrid system, with pure electric cruising range of 60km and 90km. The new car will be officially unveiled at the Beijing Auto Show on April 25th.

　　Specifically, the interior of the new car follows BYD’s family style, with full LCD instrument panel and large-size central control screen design. The new car adopts a large number of curved designs on the door panels and seat surfaces, supplemented by a small amount of blue embellishment, which makes the overall atmosphere of the interior more elegant and fashionable. Different from BYD Seal, the shift area of the new car adopts a circular design, the small gear handle looks very delicate, and various function buttons surround the gear handle, which greatly improves the interior texture.

　　Looking back at the appearance, the new car adopts the brand-new design concept of BYD Ocean Series. The LED headlight group with L-shaped light strips on both sides of the front of the car cooperates with the sharp cooling openings on both sides of the front enclosure, showing a very dynamic style as a whole. In terms of body size, the length, width and height are 4830/1875/1495mm and the wheelbase is 2790mm respectively.

　　From the side of the car body, the new car adopts a slightly slippery shape, which looks compact and round as a whole. At the rear of the car, the new car adopts the popular penetrating taillight group, and the taillights on both sides adopt a drop-shaped design, which shows a fashionable and dynamic style with the blackening.

　　In terms of power, the car adopts a plug-in hybrid power system consisting of a 1.5L engine of BYD472QC model, in which the maximum power of the engine is 74 kW. Depending on the battery capacity and motor power, Seal 06 will be available in two versions. Among them, equipped with a 10.08kWh battery version, the pure electric cruising range of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (WLTC) is 60km; With the 15.874kWh battery version, the pure electric cruising range of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (WLTC) can reach 90km. According to reliable sources, Seal 06 will be equipped with BYD’s new generation of DM-i super hybrid technology, which is expected to bring new breakthroughs in energy efficiency. Under NEDC working conditions, the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is less than 3L.

　　　　Article 81 of the Russian Constitution stipulates that "the same person shall not serve as President of the Russian Federation for more than two consecutive times". Putin was elected president for the first time in March 2000, re-elected in 2004 and will step down in 2008. According to the current constitution, Putin will officially leave the presidency in May 2008. Putin himself has repeatedly said on different occasions that he will "finish class" by clicking. On October 18 this year, when answering questions from domestic people, Putin affirmed: "In 2008, there will be a new owner in the Kremlin." However, recently, the voices of Russia to retain Putin from top to bottom, from officials to the people, and from the central government to the local government have been "one after another".

On October 18th, in Moscow, the Russian capital, Russian President Vladimir Putin listened to people’s questions during the program. Xinhua news agency

　　　　　Russia will not enter the "post-Putin era"

　　　 People gather to stay in Putin

　　　　In recent weeks, large-scale street activities have been launched all over Russia to support Putin’s re-election as president. Parliaments all over the country have issued appeals one after another, urging the President to continue to be the actual leader of the country after the expiration of his term in 2008. The scale, number of people, wide geographical area and high voice of this round of "retention" activities are also thought-provoking.

　　　　According to statistics, only from October 23rd to 30th, similar gatherings were held in Volgograd, Kamchatka Petropavlovsk, Grozny, Pskov, Novosibirsk, Magadan and other major cities. People held photos of Putin in their hands and wore shirts that read "Putin is our choice", demanding that Putin stay in office.

　　　　The reporter found that within one day, only three local councils in the Ural Federal District passed an appeal for the president to remain in power. Councillors of Hante-Mansi Autonomous Region wrote in the appeal: "The current president’s policy has achieved remarkable results: the economic growth rate is unheard of in the past 30 to 40 years, and the national priority projects and population policies have been put into practice. This is the largest’ personal’ investment plan in contemporary Russian history, which has brought about the improvement of living standards … As a big country, Russia’s international prestige has been restored, and it can defend its own interests and maintain global stability. The most important thing is that President Putin’s policies have helped people to believe in themselves and the country, and have regained the honor of the motherland and confidence in tomorrow … "

　　　　The actions of the residents of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Region are the most striking. They drafted an open letter to Putin at the rally in New Ullengoi. About 2,000 people attended the rally. They not only showed their attitude towards Putin, but also set up an all-Russian movement to "support Putin". In another letter to all Russian citizens, there is the following paragraph: "We hope that the reforms currently carried out by the President and guaranteed by his thoughtful and constructive policies will continue in the future. The realistic achievements of our country’s development, like his great contribution, are obvious to all, and he has the ability to make state power institutions operate effectively for the well-being of citizens. We are gathered here to say that today the country has its own leader-Putin … "

　　　　　Officials expressed their position to leave Putin.

　　　　In addition to the "retention" of the people, Russian officials at all levels have also asked Putin to "lead everyone to continue." On October 26th, mironov, Chairman of the Russian Federation Council (Speaker of the House of Lords), publicly stated: "Russian President Vladimir Putin should find a way to keep him as president after his term of office expires in 2008, because the Russian people want him to stay."

　　　　Not long ago, Chechen President Kadyrov said that Putin should remain in the post of Russian President and consider serving for life. In an interview with reporters, Kadyrov said: "If Russia is to maintain its current stable development and become a world power again, Putin should continue to serve as president. Since the presidents of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and other countries can serve for life, why not Russia? " Kadyrov said: "As long as Putin’s health permits, we should do our best to keep him. It is very difficult to choose a successor for Putin. In charge of a country like Russia, not everyone has the same ability as Putin. Even if Putin leaves office, his policies will still be implemented. " Kadyrov made no secret of his admiration for Putin. He said, "Putin is a hero who saved Chechnya and gave the Chechen people a second life. He also saved Russia. He is a gift from God to Russia. "

　　　　Regarding whether Putin will remain in office, matviyenko, the mayor of St. Petersburg, once said bluntly: "Putin’s third consecutive election as president will be the guarantee of national stability." Many Russian local chief executives have also come forward to demand constitutional amendments and support Putin to remain president, among which die-hard supporters include Moscow Mayor Luzhkov and others. Others advocate changing the term of office of the president to seven years.

　　　　　　Political parties offer advice to stay in Putin

　　　　In mid-October this year, Boris Gryzlov, Chairman of the Russian Duma and Chairman of the United Russia Party, published an article entitled "Putin will still be the leader of Russia" in Russian newspaper. Gryzlov said in the article: "The upcoming Duma election is actually a referendum in support of Putin. The United Russia Party should mobilize and publicize the program of our main candidate to the society. " He pointed out, "On December 2, 2007, the issue of national leaders will be decided on this day. Putin is, should be and will be the national leader. Russian citizens trust the current president. This trust stems from its obvious work achievements. "

　　　　Gryzlov also said: "A similar proposal was put forward long ago to amend the Constitution and remove the restriction that the president can only serve two consecutive terms. The original intention of most suggestions is to avoid the crisis and leave a person who can ensure Russia’s achievements in the position of head of state. This desire is understandable. The United Russia Party and its majority in parliament will provide a reliable guarantee for Putin’s leadership position. All the actions of the United Russia Party in parliament and everywhere are aimed at supporting the policy of our national leaders. The United Russia Party is not just an ordinary member of numerous political parties. It was established for the consolidation of the country. We have been fulfilling this mission. The president’s decision to appear at the top of the candidate list once again proves the fact that the United Russia Party is the Putin Party. "

　　　　In order to retain Putin, the United Russia Party put forward some options for Putin at the congress in early October this year: to remain president, to be the leader of the United Russia Party, to be the prime minister of the government, and to be the first person on the list of federal candidates for the United Russia Party to participate in the Duma election. At that time, after agreeing to lead the United Russia Party to participate in the Duma election, Putin said: "Leading the government is a completely realistic proposal, but it is too early to consider this issue, because it requires at least two conditions: First, the United Russia Party should win in the election; Second, a decent, capable and efficient person who can work with him should be elected as the president of the country. "

　　　　However, when party member, the United Russia Party, cheered for this, Putin denied that he "may become the prime minister again after leaving office" when attending the Russia-EU summit in Mavra Castle on the outskirts of Lisbon on October 26th.

　　　　The most interesting plan to keep Putin in office is to "elect Putin’s wife to run for president." Not long ago, Russian media reported that Putin’s supporters had found a way to keep Putin, that is, to elect the first lady Lyudmila Pujingna as a candidate to be elected president, because this would not only maintain the continuity of Putin’s policies and his influence, but also ensure that he would stay in the Kremlin. Some people in Volgograd have also established a campaign called "Support Pujingna! Support the organization of the female president.

　　　　Mironov, chairman of the Russian Federation Council, simply said: "Even if the constitutional amendment fails, Putin cannot be elected for the third time, and I hope that he will run for the presidency again after 2012." (Our correspondent in Russia Guan Jianbin)

Editor: Li Xiuwei

With the continuous development of variety shows, more and more viewers like various types of reality shows. Recently, a news about the guest list of the special season of the popular variety show "Run" has aroused widespread concern. It is reported that the guest lineup of this special season will have great changes, including the absence of three traffic stars, which makes Yao PD, who has always been "funny", feel very helpless.

According to the news from netizens, the special season program of "Run" in 2023 will officially start recording around mid-October. In the guest lineup recorded this time, in addition to the original regular guests in the 11th season, some new faces were invited to join. These guests are: Jerry Lee, Ryan, Angelababy, Sha Yi, Bailu, Charlie, Adam and YUQI.

It is worth mentioning that although the guest lineup of this special season looks quite luxurious, there are also some regrets. It is understood that the three traffic stars who originally planned to participate in the special season could not participate in the recording for personal reasons, which made fans very disappointed. Nevertheless, I believe that the wonderful performance of other guests can make up for this regret.

As a long-lived variety show, "Run" has always been deeply loved by the audience for its relaxed and humorous atmosphere and creative game links. As the soul of the program, Yao PD’s sense of humor and affinity is also a highlight of the program. However, the big change of the guest lineup in this special season has undoubtedly brought certain challenges to the program.

Faced with such a situation, Yao PD said that he was also very helpless. He admits that although there are some regrets, he will do his best to lead the new team and bring more exciting program content to everyone. At the same time, he also hopes that fans can give more support and encouragement to the new guests and witness the birth of the special season of "Run".

In short, the announcement of the guest lineup in the special season of "Run" is both expected and regrettable. However, I believe that under the leadership of Yao PD, this classic variety show can still glow with new vitality and bring us more laughter and emotion. Let’s look forward to the arrival of the special season of Run!

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Editor in charge:

() The operating comments of the Board of Directors in 2023 are as follows:

　　I. The industry in which the company is located during the reporting period.

　　(1) The main business and products the company is engaged in.

　　During the reporting period, around the company’s "14th Five-Year Plan" industrial development plan, the company closely followed the market demand, adhered to the basic idea of "focusing on the main business, expanding the main business and strengthening the main business", and continued to devote itself to the production and sales of soda ash, baking soda and urea made from coal by natural alkali. Among them, soda ash and baking soda made from natural alkali are the leading products of the company, and their production and sales are in the forefront of the industry. In 2023, the company produced 5.68 million tons of various products, including 2.69 million tons of soda ash, 1.18 million tons of baking soda, 1.67 million tons of urea and 140,000 tons of other chemical products.

　　The downstream of soda ash is mainly concentrated in glass, metallurgy, paper making, printing and dyeing, synthetic detergent, food and medicine and other industries; Baking soda is mainly used in food, feed, medicine and health industries; Urea is mainly used for the growth of various soils and crops, which can promote crop yield.

　　During the reporting period, the company faced many unfavorable factors, such as the year-on-year decline in product market price, the year-on-year decline in gross profit of stock enterprises, and the year-on-year decrease in investment income of major shareholding companies. On the one hand, the company ensured the continuous and efficient operation of major production devices through continuous strengthening of operation management, on the other hand, it promoted the construction of the first-phase production line of Alashan Tartar Lignin trona Project in Yingen Mining in an orderly manner. During the reporting period, some production lines of the first phase of Alashan Tower Lignin Natural Alkali Project of Yingen Mining were put into production, and the production capacity was gradually released, which to some extent offset the adverse effects caused by the decline in product prices.

　　According to the standard unqualified audit report issued by Dahua Certified Public Accountants (special general partnership), during the reporting period, the company realized operating income of 12.044 billion yuan, net profit attributable to the parent company of 1.410 billion yuan, net profit not attributable to the parent company of 2.414 billion yuan, weighted average return on equity of 10.88% and earnings per share of 0.39 yuan. At the end of the reporting period, the company’s total assets were 34.094 billion yuan, owners’ equity was 17.931 billion yuan, owners’ equity was 13.486 billion yuan, and net assets per share was 361 yuan.

　　(II) Development of the industry in which the company is located

　　1. Soda industry

　　The components of soda ash are sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), commonly known as soda and washing alkali. Soda soda can be divided into industrial soda and food additive soda according to different uses. China is a big producer and consumer of soda ash. At present, the domestic production capacity accounts for about 46% of the world production capacity. Industrial soda ash can be divided into light soda ash and heavy soda ash based on different densities. Soda soda is mainly used in glass, metallurgy, paper making, printing and dyeing, synthetic detergent, food and medicine, etc. Among them, the glass industry is the main consumption department of soda soda soda, and the consumption of soda soda soda per ton of glass is about 0.2 tons, accounting for nearly 60%. In addition to the traditional industry demand, under the background of "double carbon", the soda ash industrial chain has entered a new stage of development, and the demand for new energy such as photovoltaic and lithium battery will take over from flat glass, contributing to the main increase of soda ash demand in the future.

　　In 2023, the supply and demand of domestic soda ash industry are basically balanced. Although the new capacity base of the supply side is large, the output is put into the third and fourth quarters, and the annual increment is limited. On the demand side, the float glass industry, the largest consumer sector, is affected by public construction projects and the policy of ensuring the delivery of buildings, with improved demand and increased production capacity. The consumption of soda ash by photovoltaic glass and lithium carbonate continues to grow, and in 2023, it will become the largest consumer industry in the proportion of downstream demand structure of soda ash. According to the statistics of China Soda Industry Association, by the end of 2023, the national soda production capacity reached 35.33 million tons, and the output reached 32.28 million tons, up 10.9% year-on-year. Among them, the combined alkali method, ammonia alkali method and natural alkali method accounted for 48.5%, 43% and 8.5% respectively. The annual apparent consumption of soda ash was 31.585 million tons, up 11.8% year-on-year.

　　Driven by the "double carbon" policy background and market demand, the photovoltaic industry has a broad long-term growth space, and has become a strategic new industry that has reached the international leading level in China and an important engine to promote China’s energy reform.

　　In 2024, it is expected that the demand for soda ash will continue to grow, with the main growth point in the new energy industry. Under the background of global energy transformation, the production capacity of photovoltaic glass and lithium carbonate continues to expand, driving the growth of soda consumption. The production capacity of float glass industry is at a high level at present. In 2024, it is planned to resume production and focus on new ignition production lines. It is expected that the consumption demand for soda ash will increase slightly year-on-year.

　　2. Urea industry

　　In 2023, the domestic urea market generally showed an industry pattern of increasing supply and demand. In the first half of the year, under the fundamental influence of raw material prices and mismatch between supply and demand, the urea market fluctuated downwards. In the second half of the year, with the promotion of economic recovery process, the centralized release of agricultural demand and export demand, the urea market price rebounded and continued to fluctuate. Throughout 2023, the supply and demand of China’s urea market are generally in balance. According to the data of China Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Association, in 2023, the national urea industry capacity was about 68.23 million tons, up 4.0% year-on-year, and the annual urea output was 62.92 million tons, up 9.2% year-on-year. Apparent consumption of urea was 58.667 million tons, up 7.1% year-on-year.

　　In 2024, the domestic urea supply situation is expected to be loose and the production capacity is expected to increase. On the demand side, in 2024, the grain production target of Document No.1 of the Central Committee was locked at more than 1.3 trillion Jin for the fourth time in a row, and the overall goal of grain production is still to increase and stabilize production, so the agricultural demand for urea is expected to remain stable. In terms of industrial demand, the consumption of downstream compound fertilizer, melamine, power plant desulfurization and other industries is expected to increase significantly. The China Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Association predicts that the demand for urea industry will reach 21.5 million tons, an increase of about 2 million tons year-on-year.

　　3. The impact of new regulations and industry policies

　　On July 12th, 2021, Alxa League Water Affairs Bureau of Inner Mongolia issued the Decision on Approving the Administrative License for the Development and Utilization of Lignin Natural Alkali (8.6 million tons/year) in Alxa Pagoda in Inner Mongolia and the Special Water Supply Project for the Yellow River (A Shui Permission Zhunzi [2021] No.46), agreeing that the Alxa Pagoda Natural Alkali Project and the Special Water Supply Project for the Yellow River should use the surface water from the main stream of the Yellow River as the water source, and the total annual water consumption of the approved projects is 21.824 million. In view of the fact that Yingen Water, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Yingen Mining, obtained the Yellow River water intake index of 3.5 million cubic meters/year at that time, and the water administrative license decided to allow the water intake of 3.5 million cubic meters/year, it will apply for changing the water intake permit procedures in time after obtaining the water indicators.

　　Article 50 of the Law on the Protection of the Yellow River, which was implemented on April 1, 2023, stipulates that the water intake permit for the main stream of the Yellow River must be obtained from the basin agencies. At the end of the reporting period, the local water administrative department has handed over the examination and approval procedures and related materials to the Yellow River Conservancy Commission, which has accepted and started the examination and approval procedures, and the company is currently docking and promoting related work as required.

　　(III) The position of the company in the industry

　　The company is one of the oldest soda production enterprises in China. It has been deeply involved in the natural soda industry for many years and has a certain brand awareness. With the commissioning of the first phase of Alashan natural soda project, during the reporting period, the company’s soda production capacity was 5.8 million tons/year, baking soda production capacity was 1.5 million tons/year, urea production capacity was 1.54 million tons/year, and soda and baking soda production capacity ranked among the top in China.

　　The Alashan natural soda project of the company plans to build 7.8 million tons of soda ash and 800,000 tons of baking soda, of which 5 million tons of soda ash and 400,000 tons of baking soda are planned in the first phase, and 2.8 million tons of soda ash and 400,000 tons of baking soda are planned in the second phase. The first phase of the project was put into trial operation in June 2023. As of the disclosure date of this report, the first, second and third production lines have been put into production, and the fourth production line is in trial operation. The second phase of the project started construction in December 2023.

　　(IV) The technological process of the company’s main products

　　(V) The main business model of the company

　　1. Production mode

　　All the companies and enterprises are continuous production enterprises, adopting the stocking production mode, and the production mode is the device production mode. According to the capacity and market situation of the device, the product structure and production scale in the cycle are determined, and on this basis, the annual production operation plan is formulated, and the raw materials are prepared and purchased to organize production. The production efficiency and quality of an enterprise mainly depend on the continuity of raw materials and equipment and the capacity of the equipment.

　　2. Purchasing mode

　　The company follows the requirements of internal control guidelines of listed companies, combines the practical experience of the company for many years and the characteristics of the industry in which it is located, establishes a material procurement management Committee, integrates project bidding and production and operation procurement management, and strengthens collaborative procurement with suppliers through the implementation of electronic systems to achieve centralized procurement management.

　　3. Sales model

　　The company’s main products are uniformly sold by subsidiaries, and a marketing system with large customers as the core and combining direct sales, distribution and online sales is established.

　　(VI) The Company’s mineral resources

　　By the end of 2023, the company had two natural alkali mines, Anpeng and Wucheng, in Tongbai County, Henan Province, and Chagannuoer alkali mine and Tamulin natural alkali mine in Inner Mongolia, of which Anpeng alkali mine had proven reserves of 193.08 million tons and retained reserves of 123.67 million tons. Wucheng alkali mine has proven reserves of 32.67 million tons and retained reserves of 19.28 million tons; Chagannuoer alkali mine has accumulated proven reserves of 11.34 million tons and retained reserves of 1.8208 million tons; The ore reserves and recoverable reserves of Alashanta lignin trona mine are 1,078,364,000 tons and 296,900,100 tons respectively. The company holds 34% equity of Mengda Mining, and the coal reserves and recoverable reserves of Nalinhe No.2 Mine of Mengda Mining are 1.157 billion tons and 711 million tons respectively.

　　II. Main businesses of the Company during the reporting period

　　The company’s chemical fertilizer products are mainly urea and liquid ammonia. The company’s holding subsidiaries Boda Field and Xing ‘an Chemical are coal chemical enterprises based on the advantages of coal resources and supported by technological innovation. The main products are urea, compound fertilizer and synthetic ammonia.

　　The company’s fertilizer products are mainly sold through the company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries and distributed by dealers at all levels. Boda Field and Xing ‘an Chemical are located in the hinterland of Ordos and Xing ‘an League respectively, which have good market advantages, logistics advantages and customer resources advantages, ensuring the steady growth of the company’s product sales. The company’s "Broad Field" and "Boyuan Rich Farmers" brands have accumulated high popularity and brand reputation in the urea industry, which has been widely recognized by customers.

　　In 2023, the export scale of the company’s fertilizer products was small, and the tax policy of the company’s fertilizer products did not change.

　　Engaged in chlor-alkali and soda industry

　　The industrial chain layout of the company is mainly soda ash and baking soda, and the existing devices can realize the output adjustment and cooperation of soda ash and baking soda.

　　In 2023, the company’s energy consumption per unit output value was 1.69 tons of standard coal/10,000 yuan. Because the Alashan natural alkali project of the company is in the trial production stage, considering the stability of the production system and the accuracy of the measurement system, it is not possible to accurately and quantitatively analyze the energy consumption of the project equipment, so the product energy consumption in the trial production stage is not included in the energy consumption statistics; At present, the soda industry has not formulated standardized requirements for the energy consumption of soda production value by natural soda production.

　　Zhongyuan Chemical, a subsidiary of the company, needs electricity for production, conducts multilateral trading of electricity through a third-party power trading platform, and does not enjoy preferential policies related to electricity prices. The fluctuation of electricity prices has a more obvious impact on manufacturing costs.

　　Most of the TV universities needed for the production of Alashan trona project are self-generated, and a few of them conduct multilateral trading of electricity through third-party power trading platforms and enjoy preferential policies related to electricity prices. The fluctuation of electricity prices has no obvious impact on manufacturing costs.

　　Third, the core competitiveness analysis

　　(A) rich in resource reserves

　　The company has two natural alkali mines in Tongbai County, Henan Province, Anpeng and Wucheng, and Chagannuoer alkali mine and Tamulin natural alkali mine in Inner Mongolia, of which Anpeng alkali mine has proven reserves of 193.08 million tons and retained reserves of 123.67 million tons; Wucheng alkali mine has proven reserves of 32.67 million tons and retained reserves of 19.28 million tons; Chagannuoer alkali mine has accumulated proven reserves of 11.34 million tons and retained reserves of 1.8208 million tons; Alashanta lignin trona mine has a reserve of 1,078,364,000 tons and recoverable reserves of 296,900,100 tons respectively, which is the largest trona mine in China and provides a solid guarantee for the company’s long-term development.

　　(B) Industrial capacity advantages

　　The company has been deeply involved in the natural alkali industry for many years, and has always focused on the research and development of natural alkali resource exploitation and processing technology. It has a national enterprise technology center and Inner Mongolia natural alkali engineering center, which is at the leading level in the field of natural alkali chemical industry in China and has independent intellectual property rights. Now it has mature comprehensive industrial capabilities such as natural alkali research, development and management.

　　(C) the advantages of environmental protection

　　The company adopts the domestic advanced hydrothermal solution mining process to extract trona from underground, and makes soda ash products by pure physical evaporation process. After production, the tail liquid continues to be recycled for trona ore solution mining, and there is no waste liquid discharge in the whole process. The produced soda ash and baking soda products have the advantages of environmental protection.

　　(D) Marketing advantages

　　During the reporting period, the company separated production from sales, closely linked all links, paid close attention to and grasped industry policies and market changes, and seized the market initiative. The sales team strengthened communication with downstream manufacturers and grasped the production and operation trends of downstream manufacturers in real time. Through the separation of production and marketing and precise marketing, we will deepen the downstream market and provide a strong guarantee for the company to improve quality and efficiency and achieve full production and sales.

　　Fourth, the main business analysis

　　1. Overview

　　During the reporting period, faced with the complicated and severe domestic and international market situation and many risk challenges, the company focused on the annual task objectives, paid close attention to business management, continuously optimized the management system, comprehensively promoted the construction of digital intelligence, made great efforts to promote project construction, and successfully completed various task objectives. The company achieved an annual operating income of 12.044 billion yuan, an increase of 9.62% over the previous year. The net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies was 1.410 billion yuan, a decrease of 46.99% over the previous year. The net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies after deducting non-recurring gains and losses was 2.414 billion yuan, a decrease of 9.40% over the previous year. Over the past year, the main work is as follows:

　　(1) Strengthen the basic defense lines of safety production and environmental protection. The company’s safety and environmental protection were "steady and orderly", and no major or above production safety accidents and environmental accidents occurred throughout the year, achieving the goals of "four zeros" in safety production and all environmental protection pollutants reaching the standard. The production and operation of all enterprises are stable and orderly as a whole, and the first phase products of Alashanta lignin natural alkali project of Yingen Mining are put on the market.

　　(2) The project construction progressed steadily. The company steadily promoted the construction of Alashanta lignin trona project in Yingen Mining. The first phase of the project was mechanically completed in 2023, and the second phase was started at the end of 2023. According to the construction plan, the preliminary work such as engineering design, site exploration, part of long-term equipment orders and project commencement procedures were carried out.

　　(3) Strengthen the assessment, improve the system, and gradually improve the standardization and efficiency of management. In 2023, the company systematically sorted out and evaluated 97 systems in the internal control system, and completed 38 new, revised and abolished systems, which further improved the system construction and further improved the overall standardized operation and management level of the company.

　　(4) Continuously improve the ability of information technology, digital transformation and intelligent application. The company’s BIP system was put into operation in 2023, which completed the switch between old and new systems, initially realized the integrated operation of procurement, sales, manpower and finance, and improved the operational efficiency and management level. Bocai Tesco platform and file management system were successfully put into operation. The construction of Boda Field and Xing ‘an Chemical Intelligent Double Preventive Safety Control Platform was completed, and the core production processes of Zhongyuan Chemical were orderly incorporated into the intelligent dispatching platform. The company’s overall essential safety level and production efficiency have been significantly improved.

　　(5) Strengthen incentives and optimize teams. In 2023, the company implemented restricted stock incentives, which basically covered key managers and core technicians at the grassroots level, and the number of motivators reached 229. The implementation of equity incentive has effectively stabilized the management team of the enterprise, stimulated the enthusiasm and motivation of key managers and core technicians, and further activated and tapped the positive internal drive of the enterprise itself. At the same time, the company pays attention to improving management efficiency, and systematically improves the management skills of middle-level managers through professional standardization, online micro-courses and special training. In addition, the company also carried out two training programs for reserve talents and the assessment of employees’ professional quality, which laid a solid foundation for the refinement of human resource management.

　　(6) Party building leads high-quality development. The company earnestly organizes and carries out the education on the theme of studying and implementing Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, comprehensively implements the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, completely, accurately and comprehensively implements the new development concept, continuously promotes the integration of Party building and production and operation as the main line, continuously promotes the deep integration of Party building and production and operation, and leads high-quality development with high-quality Party building.

　　V. Prospect of the Company’s Future Development

　　(I) the company’s future development plan

　　2024 is a crucial year for the company to seize new opportunities, meet new challenges and achieve new development. The company will adhere to the complete, accurate and comprehensive implementation of the new development concept, actively integrate into the new development pattern, adhere to the general tone of steady progress, coordinate production and operation and key project construction, maintain strategic strength, strengthen development confidence, lay a solid management foundation, further improve business performance, and strive to create a new situation of high-quality development of the company. In order to achieve the company’s strategic objectives and business plan, the company intends to focus on the following work.

　　1. Insist on relying on resources, market-oriented, supported by science and technology, taking honesty and trustworthiness as the fundamental criterion, and promote the establishment of enterprises by industry, the development of enterprises by science and technology, the strengthening of enterprises by talents, and the cultural and plastic enterprises, focusing on cohesion and concentration, and making the two main businesses of refined natural alkali and nitrogen fertilizer bigger and stronger. Taking the road of intensive, green and high-quality development, trona will change from an industry follower to an industry leader, and strive to develop into a leading enterprise in soda ash industry during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period.

　　2. The trona industry, while expanding its production capacity and increasing its market share, further enhances its product quality and brand influence, inclines to improve its product quality through technological transformation and innovation, comprehensively improves its product quality, and strengthens market situation judgment and market segmentation. At the same time, with the goal of extending the industrial value-added chain and value chain, we will focus on the differentiation of product categories, functions and value-added services in the field of daily baking soda FMCG, improve the added value of products and expand the company’s new profit growth points.

　　3. Based on the existing equipment and production capacity, the nitrogen fertilizer industry should take the road of "specialization and innovation" and "little giant" enterprise development, take "green agriculture" as the core strategy, increase varieties, improve quality, create brands, benchmark advanced, catch up with advanced, increase the proportion of high-end chemical products, and extend to high-quality and high-end value chain.

　　4. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, in response to the national "double carbon" strategy, both the natural alkali industry and the nitrogen fertilizer industry should dig deep into the transformation potential of energy-saving and carbon-reducing technologies, benchmark the advanced energy efficiency level of domestic and foreign production enterprises, accelerate the storage, promotion and application of advanced and mature green low-carbon technologies, explore the green low-carbon development route of coupling green hydrogen, green ammonia and green methanol through the "new energy+"model, and realize industrial upgrading and transformation.

　　(2) Possible risks

　　1. Industry risks

　　Affected by factors such as industry policies, economic operation cycle and industry capacity release, the company may face the risk of rising operating costs and product price fluctuations.

　　The company will continue to strengthen the research on the macroeconomic situation, pay close attention to the trend of national policies, coordinate the domestic and international markets, optimize marketing strategies and market layout, provide impetus for the company’s current and future development, and promote the company’s sustained and high-quality development.

　　2. Safety production risks

　　The process flow of chemical enterprises is complex, and there are certain safety risks in the process of production and transportation. Although the company has established a relatively complete safety production management system, accident early warning and handling mechanism and safety education and training system, and paid attention to continuous improvement in combination with the actual situation, it does not rule out the possibility of accidents caused by improper operation, equipment failure and changes in natural conditions, which will affect the normal production and operation of the company.

　　The company will keep the bottom line of safety and environmental protection, continue to eliminate potential risks of safety and environmental protection and compliance with laws and regulations, continue to lay a solid foundation for safety development, improve the level of intrinsic safety, continue to promote the construction of dual prevention systems, build a long-term mechanism for safety production, continuously strengthen the safety awareness and responsibility awareness of all employees, create safer and more stable production and operation conditions, and organize production according to laws and regulations.

● fuel consumption test

　　　 For a fun car, fuel consumption may not be the most concerned item for consumers. The roads tested this time each accounted for one-third of the expressways, ring roads and city streets, and the congestion section was about 10%. The air conditioner was turned on, and the load was one person. MINI measured fuel consumption of 6.15 liters, while A1 was 5.69 liters.

　　　 It does seem that the fuel consumption is very low. This 90% of the clear road sections are directly related to the highway. If you were walking in the rush hour, the fuel consumption should be one liter higher than it is now.

[car home Quanzhou Preferential Promotion Channel] Recently, an exciting wave of price reduction promotion was ushered in Quanzhou, with the highest discount reaching 25,000 yuan and the lowest starting price only 50,900 yuan. If you are interested in Changan Auchan X5, you may wish to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get a higher discount.

The design of Changan Auchan X5 is very modern. The front face adopts the family-style "Star" air intake grille with sharp LED headlights to create a fashionable and dynamic visual effect. The overall style is tough and powerful, and the body lines are smooth and dynamic, showing youthful vitality.

Changan Auchan X5 has a body size of 4490*1860*1580mm and a wheelbase of 2710mm. Its side lines are smooth and dynamic, with 18-inch rims, which not only improves the visual effect of the whole vehicle, but also further enhances the handling stability. Tyre size is 225/50 R18, and the front and rear wheel tracks are 1580mm and 1595mm respectively, which keeps the vehicle in good balance and stability during driving.

Changan Auchan X5 interior adopts simple and fashionable design style, and the overall tone is mainly dark gray, creating a comfortable and modern atmosphere. The steering wheel is made of leather material, which feels delicate and supports manual adjustment up and down, so that the driver can find the most suitable driving posture. The central control area is equipped with a 10.25-inch high-definition touch screen, which integrates navigation, multimedia entertainment and other functions to improve the driving experience. In terms of seats, both the main and co-pilot seats support multi-directional adjustment, and the main driver seat can also realize height adjustment to provide a comfortable riding experience. At the same time, the seat is made of leather and fabric, which is both comfortable and durable. In addition, the car also provides a number of USB interfaces to facilitate passengers to charge electronic equipment to meet daily needs. The rear seats support proportional tilting, which further enhances the practicability and flexibility of the vehicle.

Changan Auchan X5 is equipped with a 1.5T 188 horsepower L4 engine with a maximum power of 138kW and a maximum torque of 300N·m, which is matched with a 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox.

Car home car owners have a very positive evaluation of Changan Auchan X5, and he specifically mentioned that the front and rear spaces are very spacious, although not particularly spacious, but they are enough. He stressed that the main reason for choosing this car is the sporty style of the design, which makes the actual use experience not affected even if the space is not particularly spacious.

　　　　On February 8, several journalists watched the live broadcast of Russian President Vladimir Putin’s speech at the meeting of the State Council in the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia. On the same day, Russian President Vladimir Putin delivered a speech at the meeting of the State Council, summing up his achievements in eight years in power. Russia will hold a new presidential election on March 2. Xinhua News Agency reporter Shen Bohan photo

　　　　On February 8, Putin delivered a 49-minute speech at the enlarged meeting of the Russian State Council, reviewing the achievements he has made since he came to power in 2000 and describing Russia’s development strategy before 2020. You carefully counted the digital information contained in Putin’s speech: in the 49-minute speech, Putin said 392 sentences, totaling 5210 words. In the whole speech interrupted by 19 applause, Putin mentioned "Russia" 69 times, the word "we should" 52 times, the word "publication" 50 times, the word "economy" 45 times and the word "future" 22 times.

　　　　There are less than 20 days left before the Russian presidential election on March 2, and less than three months left before the inauguration ceremony of the new Russian president in early May-the term of Russian President Vladimir Putin is entering the countdown stage. Putin chose this opportunity to make a speech. Some people say that this is Putin’s "political will" before leaving office, and it is Putin’s "homework" for his successor Medvedev. It is also claimed that this is the "campaign platform" for Putin’s return to the Kremlin in 2012, and it clearly and comprehensively explained to the Russian people what is the "Putin Plan" for the first time. More people believe that this is Putin’s "blueprint for the future" and "beautiful vision" outlined for the people as Russia’s "national leader".

　　Double GDP and become an economic power.

　　　　Putin made it clear that Russia is expected to double its GDP by the end of 2009. He said: "After the economic collapse in the 1990s, we have recovered our vitality. From 2000 to 2007, the gross domestic product increased by 72%. As long as the average annual growth rate of 7.8% is maintained, this goal can be achieved before the end of next year. " Putin put forward a "more ambitious goal" for the Russian government and people, that is, to achieve "essential changes in national life, the country and the economic and social fields."

　　　　Putin stressed that Russia has all the necessary prerequisites to achieve the above goals-"hardworking and well-educated citizens have the confidence to strive for the first place at all times. In the national character of Russians, striving for the first place has become a habit, and freedom and independence are natural", "rich natural resources and strong scientific and technological potential" and "there is no major reason to prevent us from achieving the set goals". Putin said that only with the solidarity and joint efforts of the whole society can the country’s development strategy before 2020 be realized. He said that in order for Russia to enter the ranks of world economic powers, it is necessary to create equal opportunities for all people in economic life, establish innovative development mechanisms, and promote economic development by improving labor productivity.

　　Improve the status of the army and increase its income.

　　　　When talking about security and national defense, Putin said that Russia needs to formulate a new security strategy according to threats, and the development strategy of the Russian armed forces before 2020 will be devoted to building an "innovative army." He said that in order to strengthen national defense, the Russian armed forces need to formulate a development strategy before 2020 from the threats and challenges existing in today’s world. He said that the new round of arms race and increasing military and political threats in the world forced Russia to take corresponding measures to safeguard national security. The wide application of high technology forces Russia to rethink the development strategy of the army, and scientific research achievements in the fields of biology, nanotechnology and information technology will bring revolutionary development to the army building. Putin pointed out that Russia will put into production a batch of new weapons and equipment in the next few years, and the use and maintenance of a new generation of weapons can only be completed by an army that meets the requirements of modernization. Therefore, Russia needs an "innovative army." To this end, Russia needs to greatly improve the status of the military, further increase the income of military personnel and improve their social security.

　　Increase the life expectancy and expand the middle class.

　　　　When talking about the population problem, Putin said mercilessly: "Today, half of the male citizens in our country will not live to 60 years old, which is simply a shame!" He proposed to increase the average life expectancy of Russian citizens to 75 years by 2020. When talking about the income level of residents, Putin said: "In 2020, the overall proportion of the middle class among our residents should be no less than 60% to 70%."

　　　　Regarding Putin’s speech, Russian First Deputy Prime Minister Ivanov believed that it was a summary of all the development programs of the country, and it clearly revealed the current situation of the country. Rossel, the governor of Sverdlovsk region, Russia, thinks that the president’s speech is "actually a State of the Union address and a message to the people", "Putin has accomplished many things in eight years, which is incredible, and the Russians recognize and support his reform", "I fully support his regional policy, which should become more flexible and all major powers should be transferred to local governments".

　　　　Tuleyev, governor of Kemerovo, said that Putin’s speech attributed everything to human factors and mentioned the well-being and interests of citizens, which he thought was "completely correct". Zyazikov, President of Ingushetia, stressed that Putin pointed out the strategic areas of national development in the next few decades. "Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, we have never had such a powerful, global and systematic national development plan", and Russia has formulated an "ambitious, concrete and realistic plan". He believes that Russia has promulgated the Development Strategy before 2020, which shows that the country has achieved political and economic stability and won the trust of investors. (China Youth Daily, Moscow, February 12th, by reporter Guan Jianbin)

Editor: Li Xiuwei

　　The Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council announced the draft of the regulations for the implementation of the Consumer Protection Law yesterday for public comments. Among them, it is clear that "these regulations are not applicable to those who purchase or use goods or receive services for profit", that is, "professional counterfeiters are not protected by the Consumer Protection Law"; Merchants are not allowed to send sales promotion information to consumers by telephone or email without the consent of consumers.

　　Jinghua Times reporter Sha Xueliang

　　Counterfeiters shall not "make profits for the purpose"

　　In recent years, the negative social impact of "professional counterfeiting" has become increasingly prominent, which has aroused great concern from all walks of life. The State Administration for Industry and Commerce pointed out in the drafting instructions of the Implementation Regulations of the Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (Draft for Review) that, from the legal point of view, the subjective purpose of "professional counterfeiters" is to make a profit by claiming a high amount of money, which is not a living expense, nor does it constitute misleading, and punitive damages for fraud in the Consumer Law should not be applied. In practice, "professional counterfeiting" is mostly aimed at irregular phenomena such as advertising terms and labels, and it has little effect on really cracking down on fake and shoddy goods and fraudulent behavior of operators. In addition, the rapid expansion and spread of "professional counterfeiters" has greatly wasted public resources such as administration and justice, disrupted the market order, and it is necessary to curb it in time.

　　In August this year, the draft of the regulations for the implementation of the Consumer Protection Law was released, which made it clear that "professional counterfeiters" were not protected by the Consumer Protection Law. The draft notes for the draft submitted for review suggest that after the "Regulations" were publicly solicited for opinions, Article 2 aroused great repercussions, and there were different understandings, but the opinions in favor were increasing. On the basis of extensive research on the opinions of all parties, the "Regulations" absorbed the opinions of the Development and Reform Commission and was revised as "for the purpose of making profits" to more accurately express the legislative intent and implement the spirit of the Consumer Law of the superior law. To this end, Article 2 of the draft for review responds to social concerns for the first time at the legislative level, and makes it clear that those who purchase or use goods or receive services for profit are not suitable for these regulations.

　　No telemarketing without the consent of consumers

　　The draft for review also stipulates that operators should establish and improve information confidentiality and management systems, and may not provide consumers’ personal information to others without the consent of consumers, and may not send commercial electronic information or make commercial sales calls to consumers’ fixed telephones, mobile phones and other communication equipment, computers and other electronic terminals or electronic information spaces such as e-mail boxes and network hard disks.

　　The draft is clear, and the personal information of consumers includes name, gender, occupation, date of birth, ID number, address, contact information, income and property status, health status and consumption status. Operators must clearly state the purpose, manner and scope of collecting and using information and obtain the consent of consumers, and may not collect information irrelevant to business operations or collect information by improper means.

　　Where consumers explicitly request operators to delete or modify their personal information, unless otherwise stipulated by laws and regulations, operators shall delete or modify it according to the requirements of consumers. In case of information leakage or loss, the business operator shall take remedial measures and notify the consumers in time. Proof that the operator has fulfilled the express obligation and obtained the consent of the consumer shall be retained for at least three years.

　　> > expert interpretation

　　Suspected fakes and buying fakes can play a synergistic role.

　　Lawyer Qiu Baochang, director of the Consumer Rights Protection Committee of Beijing Lawyers Association and director of Beijing Huijia Law Firm, believes that the implementation regulations of the Consumer Rights Protection Law do not limit counterfeiters, and the original law does not support profit-making buyers or counterfeiters. Only the second article of the implementation regulations emphasizes that people other than financial consumers are not protected by consumer law, which has two meanings in breakdown: first, people other than financial consumers are not allowed to make profits; Second, financial consumers can make profits, which has actually broken through the scope of application of the original consumer law.

　　Qiu Baochang said that what is a professional counterfeiter should be defined by the relevant departments, because ordinary consumers also have profit-making purposes in defending their rights. Qiu Baochang believes that the focus should be on the punishment of counterfeiting and selling fakes, and should not care whether the buyer is a consumer, whether it is for profit, or whether it is a professional counterfeiting.

　　In addition, most of the so-called "professional counterfeiters" are aimed at irregular phenomena such as advertising language and label identification, which has little effect on truly cracking down on fake and shoddy goods and fraud by operators. Qiu Baochang believes that it is the right of every citizen to complain, report and prosecute illegal operators.

　　Professor Liu Junhai, director of the Institute of Commercial Law of Renmin University of China, said, "We should objectively and fairly understand the role and function of those who buy fake goods. Suspicious buying fakes can play a synergistic role for industrial and commercial administrative law enforcement departments and help promote social fairness and justice. "

　　Professor Liu Junhai believes that building a consumer-friendly society in an all-round way can not be separated from the punitive damages system, which has six social functions: severely punishing the faithless, fully compensating the victims, generously rewarding the defenders, effectively warning the whole industry, comprehensively educating the public and comforting the public’s psychological feelings. Jinghua Times reporter Wang Xiaofei

　　[car home New Energy] In the eyes of enthusiasts and technology controllers, the new energy vehicle is more like a work of art, and every core component is its essence. When talking about pure electric vehicles, they will ask you about battery manufacturers or battery suppliers, which can be regarded as the second brand of vehicles; When it comes to hybrid cars, they will ask you "P". What do these slang words mean? Today, I will talk to you about different types of motor architectures for hybrid vehicles.

　　At present, the application modes of motor architecture in the industry are different, and the specific applications and explanations under different architectures are also slightly different. The starting point of this paper is to sort out the basic principles and application modes of p0-p4 architecture and the purpose of different combination schemes.

● Definition and analysis of P0-P4 motor

　　In hybrid electric vehicles, it can be divided into P0-P4 and Ps architectures according to the different motor Positions, where P stands for motor position, and the motors in different positions play different roles, which are directly related to vehicle energy consumption and power performance. Which hybrid electric vehicle is more suitable for you?

◆P0 architecture: simple structure and early fame.　

　　The motor with P0 structure is installed at the front end of the engine, which is connected with the crankshaft of the engine through a belt. The vehicle equipped with P0 motor can drive the mechanical compressor of the air conditioner to run when the engine stops at the traffic lights, so as to realize engine start and stop, braking energy recovery and power generation, and auxiliary power output.

"Bosch 48V MHEV System"

　　The technology and structure of P0 architecture are relatively simple and widely used. The automatic start-stop system that many drivers and friends shut down when they get on the bus is a typical P0 architecture, and the history of automatic start-stop can be traced back to 1970s. Compared with vehicles equipped with automatic start-stop function, P0 architecture adopts BSG (belt-driven starter/generator; Belt-driven starter/generator) motor, and equipped with a larger battery, can be competent to drive the compressor and auxiliary engine.

　　When the engine is stopped, P0 motor can drive the air conditioner compressor to work independently, thus reducing the idle time of the engine; When the vehicle starts or accelerates, P0 motor can assist the engine to run, help the engine quickly get rid of the inefficient working range, save fuel and effectively improve the driving quality. Because P0 motor transmits power to the wheels in series, the motor can’t drive the wheels independently without the engine, so there is no pure electric driving mode. In addition, the P0 motor is flexibly connected with the crankshaft through a belt, so the ceiling for applying force to the engine and recovering kinetic energy power is low.

"2020 modified Mazda CX-5 2.5L automatic four-wheel drive smart model"

　　Audi SQ7 TDI and Mazda i-Eloop belong to P0 architecture. Because P0 architecture has low transmission efficiency and the motor can’t directly drive the wheels, P0 motor usually appears as an auxiliary in the field of new energy vehicles. There will be corresponding analysis and cases in the following.

◆P1 architecture: independently developed/highly integrated.

　　P1-based motor is located at the rear end of the engine crankshaft, which replaces the traditional flywheel. Besides inheriting the function of flywheel to store energy and inertia outside the engine power stroke, P1-based motor has similar functions as P0-based motor, and also supports engine start and stop, braking energy recovery and power generation, and auxiliary power output.

Honda IMA hybrid system

　　Compared with P0 architecture, P1 architecture is more compact, and its motor is integrated in the engine housing. The design needs to consider the volume of the engine and the layout in the engine room. Because different gearboxes need corresponding design schemes, the research and development and manufacturing costs of P1 motor are relatively high. Existence is reasonable, and high investment often corresponds to high return. The engine crankshaft acts as the rotor of P1 motor, which has higher power transmission efficiency, better fuel saving effect and more obvious improvement on driving performance. In addition, P1 motor can apply auxiliary braking torque through electromagnetic field adjustment on downhill section to improve safety.

　　Although they are in different positions, P0 and P1 are connected with the same disease. As long as the motor rotates, the engine crankshaft must rotate, so the motor can’t drive the wheels alone, and there is no pure electric driving mode. In the kinetic energy recovery and sliding mode, the kinetic energy is wasted because the crankshaft must be driven to idle, and the noise and vibration are also increased because of the internal combustion engine following.

"Mercedes M254 Engine"

"2020 Mercedes-Benz E-Class (imported)"

　　A few days ago, the E350 model launched by Mercedes-Benz overseas adopted a 2.0T 4-cylinder engine code-named M254, and added 48V light mixing technology in the electrification transformation process. The ISG motor equipped with it has a maximum power of 12kW and a peak torque of 180N·m, which alleviates the performance of turbine lag when the wheels start and accelerate. This system is a typical P1 architecture. Officially, the motor is named "FAME" (modular engine). Some foreign media have speculated that this motor will appear on other PHEV models.

◆P2 architecture: modular design/strong fuel economy and wide application.　

　　The P2-frame motor is located between the engine and the gearbox. Because it is not necessary to be integrated in the engine housing like P1 motor, the layout can be more flexible. The structure can be equipped with 1-2 clutches between the engine and the gearbox, which can be divided into three layout modes: ① Single-clutch structure in which the motor is arranged in front of the clutch, and the motor plays the role of assisting, parking power generation and starting the engine, which is similar to P1 structure; (2) Single-clutch structure in which the motor is arranged behind the clutch, so that the motor can drive the vehicle independently, recover braking energy, generate electricity and assist; ③ The motor is arranged in the middle of the dual clutch structure, so that the motor can drive the vehicle independently, and can also start the engine or park for power generation.

　　P2 architecture has strong compatibility and can be matched with all gearboxes (including manual gearboxes). P2 architecture is widely used in hybrid vehicles at present, and many parts suppliers have mature solutions. Take Borgwarner’s P2 motor module as an example. It integrates a dual-mass flywheel and an engine release clutch, which can disconnect the clutch and the motor direct-drive vehicle. It can convert an internal combustion engine-powered vehicle into a hybrid vehicle without changing the engine and gearbox, which means that car companies can expand the power combination of vehicles and enrich the product line of hybrid vehicles with less investment, shorter time and greater flexibility.

"Audi A3 e-tron Power System"

"2017 Audi A3 new energy (imported) Sportback e-tron comfort type"

　　Audi A3 e-tron is a representative model with P2 architecture. It is equipped with a 1.4T engine and a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a maximum power of 75kW. The battery capacity of the car is 8.8kWh, and the pure electric cruising range is 50km under NEDC condition.

◆P3 architecture: efficient power transmission and large space occupation.　

　　The P3-frame motor is located at the output end of the gearbox, and its pure electric drive and kinetic energy recovery efficiency are high, and the effect of rapid acceleration is very direct. In terms of function, P3 motor can realize braking energy recovery and pure electric drive vehicles. Because the motor can’t be integrated with the gearbox or engine, it needs to occupy extra volume, so P3 architecture is more suitable for rear-wheel drive, and there is enough space for layout.

　　Compared with P0, P1 and P2 architectures, P3 architecture’s power transmission path does not pass through the gearbox, so the efficiency of pure electric drive and braking energy recovery is higher, and at the same time, the working time of the gearbox is reduced, which is helpful to prolong its service life. But the problem is also obvious, P3 motor can’t realize parking charging, and the shortcomings of outdoor camping and other use scenarios are exposed.

　　The representative model is BYD Qin PHEV, which is a parallel hybrid car with P3 motor as the core. With the original large-capacity battery setting, it not only meets China’s pure electric endurance of 50km for PHEV, but also can stack the performance of engine and motor to achieve stronger power output.

◆P4 architecture: realize four-wheel drive.

　　P4 frame motor and engine do not drive the same shaft, thus helping the vehicle to realize four-wheel drive. It can be a motor that drives the front axle/rear axle, or it can simply cancel the axle just like Acura NSX, and directly use two hub motors to drive the wheels. P4 architecture is similar to P3 in function, which can realize braking energy recovery and pure electric drive vehicles.

"2020 BMW i8 Extreme Night Meteor Limited Edition"

　　P4 architecture is mostly used in plug-in hybrid vehicles, and sports cars are more commonly used, such as porsche 918 Spyder, Acura NSX, BMW i8 and other sports cars. Take BMW i8 as an example. This 1.5T three-cylinder engine squeezes out the maximum power of 231Ps and the maximum torque of 320 N m. The maximum power of the permanent magnet synchronous motor on the front axle is 131Ps and the peak torque is 250 N m. It is equipped with a two-speed automatic gearbox to adjust the torque. The official acceleration time of 0-100km/h is 4.6s, which brings excellent power and can effectively reduce fuel consumption.

◆Ps architecture: parasites of double clutch

　　P3 motor is coupled at the output end of the gearbox, and Ps motor is directly integrated inside the gearbox. Because of the close location distribution, Ps architecture is easily confused as P3 architecture. Ps architecture is based on dual-clutch gearbox, which uses the characteristics of dual-clutch gearbox with two input shafts to integrate the motor on one of the shafts, and can realize pure electric drive vehicle and braking energy recovery.

"PS architecture power transmission mode"

　　The motor, clutch and reducer of Ps structure are put into the same shell, which is more fuel-efficient and smoother. But the disadvantages are also obvious, because the even shaft of the dual-clutch gearbox bears more torque than the odd shaft, which will lead to the inconsistency between the two shafts and the clutch wear; In addition, the integration of the motor into the gearbox will increase the maintenance cost, because it is the gearbox assembly that needs to be disassembled regardless of gearbox failure or motor failure.

"2021 Borui New Energy 1.5T ePro Leading Edition"

　　At present, among China brand car companies, Great Wall, Chery and Geely are all studying DHT gearbox, which is the cornerstone of Ps architecture. Taking Geely Automobile as an example, the 1.5T+7DCTH plug-in hybrid system of Geely ePro family models has the characteristics of high motor efficiency and high powertrain matching, and has the comprehensive advantages of high efficiency, excellent space and good quality (high cost performance). Among them, the efficiency of Ps frame motor is 97%, which is about 2% higher than that of P2 coaxial motor. The working speed of Ps frame motor is not limited by the engine, and the engine and motor can work in the high efficiency area at the same time, which can effectively reduce the fuel consumption of the whole vehicle.

●Combined frame motor

　　Brothers in battle, fathers and sons in battle, and motors with a single architecture all have shortcomings more or less, so combining two or more architectures of motors becomes the best solution at present. On P3 or P4 frame vehicles, it is necessary to install another motor for the engine in order to perform the engine start-stop and power generation functions, so many hybrid vehicles have two motors, forming a combined configuration of Px+Py. For example, WEY P8 has a BSG motor at the front end of the engine and a permanent magnet synchronous motor at the rear axle, which belongs to P0+P4 configuration. Let’s understand the technical characteristics of the combined structure motor through the development of domestic and foreign car companies and the analysis of car models.

◆ Volvo PHEV Technology Review and T8 Powertrain Analysis

　　In 2013, Volvo’s first-generation plug-in hybrid (PHEV) technology was applied to S60 PHEV models, adopting P0+P4 architecture, consisting of a BSG motor with 15kW engine front-end power and a 50kW permanent magnet synchronous motor with rear drive axle; In 2015, Volvo’s second-generation PHEV technology was applied to XC90 PHEV models, adopting P1+P4 architecture, consisting of an ISG motor with a power of 35kW and a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a rear drive axle of 60kW; At present, Volvo adopts the third generation PHEV technology based on CMA vehicle platform, and adopts a hybrid powertrain composed of an engine matching P2 motor.

　　As for the specific vehicle type, Volvo XC90 PHEV adopts a hybrid powertrain with P1+P4 architecture. The front axle of the vehicle is equipped with a gearbox integrated motor named C-ISG (Crank-integrated starter generator), which has three functions of start-stop control, power generation and assistance, and the rear axle is also equipped with a motor with the maximum power of 65kW. At present, Volvo’s PHEV models cover cars, station wagons and SUVs, all of which use modular PHEV powertrains.

◆ Evolution history of BYD DM system and analysis of the third generation DM system.

　　Since 2008, BYD’s DM system (Dual Mode system) has been upgraded twice. At present, the upgrade of the plug-in hybrid of the third generation DM is not only in terms of power, but also in terms of "performance" attributes of the whole BYD model after the "542" plan was put forward from the second generation DM system.

　　"High power consumption" is an obvious problem in the second-generation DM system. BYD thinks that BSG motor+electronic control system can solve the problem of "avoiding the inefficient area of the engine", assist the vehicle to generate electricity, make the whole energy flow system more balanced, and bring better acceleration performance, so the brand-new "BSG architecture" system is one of the core upgrades of this generation DM3.

　　The biggest purpose of BSG motor of the third generation DM system is not only to provide start-stop function servo for the engine, but also to charge the power battery while driving, and it can also be used to improve the acceleration performance. When the vehicle is driving in the all-electric drive mode, when the engine is involved, the BSG motor will drive the engine to start, so as to reduce the shock and assist in gear shifting.

Full text summary：

　　With the stricter emission standards and the support policies for new energy vehicles, OEMs pay more and more attention to the new energy market. Compared with the development of a brand-new hybrid system, the P2 technical route with modular design does not need to change the existing structure, is easy to integrate and is suitable for matching all gearboxes. Even if the fuel saving effect is not as good as that of parallel connection, the fuel consumption can be reduced at a lower cost, which has become a "shortcut" for many car companies. (Text/car home Zhang Wenhao)

Recently, many netizens left a message saying, "I have 200,000 in my hand, and I have been hesitant to buy it. I wonder if this car is good?" Therefore, this issue of Xiaobian will take you through the real feelings of some car owners and comprehensively analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this car. After reading it, maybe you will know it!

Let’s talk about it firstadvantage：1.Mature technology, equipped with series, has good power output and economical fuel economy. Equipped with a 2.0T 4 cylinder,220Horse, the peak value is 350, whether it is the acceleration of urban roads, overtaking or long-distance driving on highways, it can be handled with ease.

2.The design conforms to the aesthetics of young consumers.The classic appearance is calm and atmospheric, with a very business sense, suitable for formal occasions, and young and athletic, catering to the aesthetic needs of young consumers and broadening the consumer groups.

3.The interior has good texture.The interior is made of high-quality materials, the interior is spacious, the comfort and wrapping of the seat are excellent, and the material texture of the center console and other parts is good, which improves the overall texture of the car.

Equipped withLarge sizeThe central control screen, full LCD instrument panel and W-HUD head-up display are clear and informative, which is convenient for drivers to obtain vehicle information.

4.The hedge ratio is high.As a well-known medium-sized car, its value-keeping rate in the used car market has been relatively low.highLevel, which means that in the future, if the owner wants to change cars, the vehicle can have greater residual value.

Next, let’s talk about the disadvantages: 1.Gearbox problemAlthough the seven-speed dual-clutch gearbox performs well at high speed, it has obvious frustration when driving at low speed, especially when switching from first gear to second gear, which affects the smoothness and comfort of driving date.

2.Limited functionCompared with some intelligent car systems at the same level, there are many shortcomings in the expansibility of entertainment, navigation and other functions.

3.There are many plastic parts.More plastic parts are used in some parts of the car, which reduces the texture of the interior to a certain extent, and in hot summer, plastic parts may have some unpleasant smells.

The above are the real feelings and experiences shared by many car owners in Passat at present, as well as some opinions of Xiaobian! Generally speaking, this car has certain advantages compared with the cars of the same class, whether for daily travel or daily ride! If you have different views or opinions, welcome to discuss and leave a message in the comment area!